The College of Education for Pure Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, has researched a doctoral thesis on (A morphological and molecular taxonomic study with evidence of biodiversity of aquatic beetles (Order: Coleoptera) in Dhi Qar Governorate, Iraq). The thesis, presented by the researcher (Muthanna Mohsen Takhakh Al-Abadi), included the classification of thirteen species of aquatic beetles that were collected from six districts of Dhi Qar Governorate, which were classified morphologically and molecularly. He also studied the annual presence of these species and their biodiversity. The current study concluded that there is a presence of different species of these insects in the studied sites, and some of them appear throughout the year despite the scarcity of water and the decline of water bodies. The distribution pattern and abundance of species among the studied sites was not homogeneous, but rather reflected a clear disparity, as some species appeared in relatively high abundance, while others were characterized by a noticeable scarcity. This highlights the decisive role of local environmental factors in determining the dynamics of species dispersal and the balance of their communities, and the significant role played by environmental differences in biodiversity. It also appeared that there was a match between the molecular classification and the traditional phenotypic classification, which highlights the important role of genetic coding in confirming the classification of traditionally classified species

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